Instrumentation Codes
Introduction
Humdrum provides standard voice and instrument names in order to
facilitate various tasks. Voice and instrument names are used both in
tandem interpretations, and in AIN
reference records identifying the
instrumentation for a work (see Appendix
I).
Instrument tandem interpretations are used to identify the instrumentation pertaining to a specified spine. The word "instrument" is used in a broad sense and embraces vocal qualities and vocal types as well as mechanical sound makers.
Three distinctions are currently made in Humdrum: instrument name, instrument class and instrument group. The following table identifies six pre-defined instrument classes:
Code | Meaning |
---|---|
*ICvox |
voice |
*ICstr |
string instrument |
*ICww |
woodwind instrument |
*ICbras |
brass instrument |
*ICklav |
keyboard instrument |
*ICidio |
percussion instrument (idiophone) |
The following table identifies five pre-defined instrument groups:
Code | Meaning |
---|---|
*IGacmp |
accompaniment instrument |
*IGsolo |
solo instrument |
*IGcont |
basso-continuo instrument |
*IGripn |
ripieno instrument |
*IGconc |
concertino instrument |
The following set of tables list currently defined instrument names.
When the name is used to form an instrument tandem interpretation the
instrument keyword is preceded by an asterisk and the upper-case letter
`I
'. For example, the instrument tandem interpretation for the
guitar is *Iguitr
. If the guitar appears as an instrument in a AIN
Reference Record only the designation `guitr
' is used.
Vocal Range
*Isoprn
soprano
*Imezzo
mezzo soprano
*Icalto
contralto
*Itenor
tenor
*Ibarit
baritone
*Ibass
bass
Vocal Quality
*Ivox
generic (undesignated) voice
*Ifeme
female voice
*Imale
male voice
*Infant
child’s voice
*Irecit
recitativo
*Ilyrsp
lyric soprano
*Idrmsp
dramatic soprano
*Icolsp
coloratura soprano
*Ialto
alto
*Ictenor
counter-tenor
*Iheltn
Heldentenor, tenore robusto
*Ilyrtn
lyric tenor
*Ibspro
basso profondo
*Ibscan
basso cantante
*Ifalse
falsetto
*Icastr
castrato
String Instruments
*Iarchl
archlute; archiluth (Fr.); liuto attiorbato/arcileuto/arciliuto (It.)
*Iarpa
harp; arpa (It.), arpa (Span.)
*Ibanjo
banjo
*Ibiwa
biwa
*Ibguit
electric bass guitar
*Icbass
contrabass
*Icello
violoncello
*Icemba
harpsichord; clavecin (Fr.); Cembalo (Ger.); cembalo (It.)
*Icetra
cittern; cistre/sistre (Fr.); Cither/Zitter (Ger.); cetra/cetera (It.)
*Iclavi
clavichord; clavicordium (Lat.); clavicorde (Fr.)
*Idulc
dulcimer or cimbalom; Cimbal or Hackbrett (Ger.)
*Ieguit
electric guitar
*Iforte
fortepiano
*Iguitr
guitar; guitarra (Span.); guitare (Fr.); Gitarre (Ger.); chitarra (It.)
*Ihurdy
hurdy-gurdy; variously named in other languages
*Iliuto
lute; lauto, liuto leuto (It.); luth (Fr.); Laute (Ger.)
*Ikit
kit; variously named in other languages
*Ikokyu
kokyu (Japanese spike fiddle)
*Ikomun
komun'go (Korean long zither)
*Ikoto
koto (Japanese long zither)
*Imando
mandolin; mandolino (It.); mandoline (Fr.); Mandoline (Ger.)
*Ipiano
pianoforte
*Ipipa
Chinese lute
*Ipsalt
psaltery (box zither)
*Iqin
qin, ch'in (Chinese zither)
*Iquitr
gittern (short-necked lute); quitarre (Fr.); Quinterne (Ger.)
*Irebec
rebec; rebeca (Lat.); rebec (Fr.); Rebec (Ger.)
*Ibansu
bansuri
*Isarod
sarod
*Ishami
shamisen (Japanese fretless lute)
*Isitar
sitar
*Itambu
tambura, tanpura
*Itanbr
tanbur
*Itiorb
theorbo; tiorba (It.); tèorbe (Fr.); Theorb (Ger.)
*Iud
ud
*Iukule
ukulele
*Ivina
vina
*Iviola
viola; alto (Fr.); Bratsche (Ger.)
*Iviolb
bass viola da gamba; viole (Fr.); Gambe (Ger.)
*Iviold
viola d'amore; viole d'amour (Fr.); Liebesgeige (Ger.)
*Ivioln
violin; violon (Fr.); Violine or Geige (Ger.); violino (It.)
*Iviolp
piccolo violin; violino piccolo (It.)
*Iviolp
piccolo violin; violino piccolo (It.)
*Iviols
treble viola da gamba; viole (Fr.); Gambe (Ger.)
*Iviolt
tenor viola da gamba; viole (Fr.); Gambe (Ger.)
*Izithr
zither; Zither (Ger.); cithare (Fr.); cetra da tavola (It.)
Wind Instruments
*Iaccor
accordion; accordéon (Fr.); Akkordeon (Ger.)
*Iarmon
harmonica; armonica (It.)
*IbagpS
bagpipe (Scottish)
*IbagpI
bagpipe (Irish)
*Ibaset
bassett horn
*Icalam
chalumeau; calamus (Lat.); kalamos (Gk.)
*Icalpe
calliope
*Icangl
english horn; cor anglais (Fr.)
*Ichlms
soprano shawm, chalmeye, shalme, etc.; chalemie (Fr.); ciaramella (It.)
*Ichlma
alto shawm, chalmeye, shalme, etc.
*Ichlmt
tenor shawm, chalmeye, shalme, etc.
*Iclars
soprano clarinet (in either B-flat or A); clarinetto (It.)
*Iclarp
piccolo clarinet
*Iclara
alto clarinet (in E-flat)
*Iclarb
bass clarinet (in B-flat)
*Icor
horn; cor (Fr.); corno (It.); Horn (Ger.)
*Icornm
cornemuse; French bagpipe
*Icorno
cornett (woodwind instr.); cornetto (It.); cornaboux (Fr.); Zink (Ger.)
*Icornt
cornet (brass instr.); cornetta (It.); cornet à pistons (Fr.); Cornett (Ger.)
*Ictina
concertina; concertina (Fr.); Konzertina (Ger.)
*Ifagot
bassoon; fagotto (It.)
*Ifag_c
contrabassoon; contrafagotto (It.)
*Ifife
fife
*Iflt
flute; flauto (It.); Flöte (Ger.); flûte (Fr.)
*Iflt_a
alto flute
*Iflt_b
bass flute
*Ifltds
soprano recorder; flûte à bec, flûte douce (Fr.); Blockflöte (Ger.); flauto dolce (It.)
*Ifltdn
sopranino recorder
*Ifltda
alto recorder
*Ifltdt
tenor recorder
*Ifltdb
bass recorder
*Iflugh
flugelhorn
*Ihichi
hichiriki (Japanese double reed used in gagaku)
*Ikrums
soprano crumhorn; Krummhorn/Krumbhorn (Ger.); tournebout (Fr.)
*Ikruma
alto crumhorn
*Ikrumt
tenor crumhorn
*Ikrumb
bass crumhorn
*Inokan
nokan (Japanese flute for the no theatre)
*Ioboe
oboe; hautbois (Fr.); Hoboe, Oboe (Ger.): oboe (It.)
*IoboeD
oboe d'amore
*Iocari
ocarina
*Iorgan
pipe organ; organum (Lat.); organo (It.); orgue (Fr.); Orgel (Ger.)
*Ipanpi
panpipe
*Ipicco
piccolo flute
*Ipiri
Korean p'iri
*Iporta
portative organ
*Irackt
racket; Rackett (Ger.); cervelas (Fr.)
*Ireedo
reed organ
*Isarus
sarrusophone
*IsaxN
sopranino saxophone (in E-flat)
*IsaxS
soprano saxophone (in B-flat)
*IsaxA
alto saxophone (in E-flat)
*IsaxT
tenor saxophone (in B-flat)
*IsaxR
baritone saxophone (in E-flat)
*IsaxB
bass saxophone (in B-flat)
*IsaxC
contrabass saxophone (in E-flat)
*Ishaku
shakuhachi
*Isheng
mouth organ (Chinese)
*Isho
mouth organ (Japanese)
*IsxhS
soprano saxhorn (in B-flat)
*IsxhA
alto saxhorn (in E-flat)
*IsxhT
tenor saxhorn (in B-flat)
*IsxhR
baritone saxhorn (in E-flat)
*IsxhB
bass saxhorn (in B-flat)
*IsxhC
contrabass saxhorn (in E-flat)
*Itromt
tenor trombone; trombone (It.); trombone (Fr.); Posaune (Ger.)
*Itromb
bass trombone
*Itromp
trumpet; tromba (It.); trompette (Fr.); Trompete (Ger.)
*Ituba
tuba
*Izurna
zurna
Percussion Instruments
*Ibdrum
bass drum (kit)
*Icampn
bell; campana (It.); cloche (Fr.); campana (Span.)
*Icaril
carillon
*Icasts
castanets; castañetas (Span.); castagnette (It.)
*Ichime
chimes
*Iclest
celesta; céleste (Fr.)
*Iconga
conga
*Icrshc
crash cymbal (kit)
*Ifingc
finger cymbal
*Iglock
glockenspiel
*Igong
gong
*Imarac
maracas
*Imarim
marimba
*Ipiatt
cymbals; piatti (It.); cymbales (Fr.); Becken (Ger.); kymbos (Gk.)
*Iridec
ride cymbal (kit)
*Isdrum
snare drum (kit)
*Ispshc
splash cymbal (kit)
*Isteel
steel-drum, tinpanny
*Itabla
tabla
*Itambn
tambourine, timbrel; tamburino (It.); Tamburin (Ger.)
*Itdrum
tenor drum
*Itimpa
timpani; timpani (It.); timbales (Fr.); Pauken (Ger.)
*Itom
tom-tom drum
*Itrngl
triangle; triangle (Fr.); Triangel (Ger.); triangolo (It.)
*Ivibra
vibraphone
*Ixylo
xylophone; xylophone (Fr.); silofono (It.)
Keyboard Instruments
*Iaccor
accordion; accordéon (Fr.); Akkordeon (Ger.)
*Icaril
carillon
*Icemba
harpsichord; clavecin (Fr.); Cembalo (Ger.); cembalo (It.)
*Iclavi
clavichord; clavicordium (Lat.); clavicorde (Fr.)
*Iclest
celesta; céleste (Fr.)
*Iforte
fortepiano
*Ihammd
Hammond electronic organ
*Iorgan
pipe organ; orgue (Fr.); Orgel (Ger.); organo (It.); organo (Span.); organum (Lat.)
*Ipiano
pianoforte
*Iporta
portative organ
*Ireedo
reed organ
*Irhode
Fender-Rhodes electric piano
*Isynth
keyboard synthesizer